Title

Inflammation Modulates Murine Venous Thrombosis Resolution In Vivo: Assessment by Multimodal Fluorescence Molecular Imaging

Publication Date

2012

Document Type

Article

Comments

Ripplinger CM, Kessinger CW, Chunqiang L, Kim JW, McCarthy JR, Ralph W, Henke PK, Lin CP, Jaffer FA. Inflammation modulates murine venous thrombosis resolution in vivo. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2012 11/01; 2018/11;32:2616-24.

Abstract

Objective: Assessment of thrombus inflammation in vivo could provide new insights into deep vein thrombosis (DVT) resolution. Here we develop and evaluate two integrated fluorescence molecular-structural imaging strategies to quantify DVT-related inflammation and architecture, and to assess the effect of thrombus inflammation on subsequent DVT resolution in vivo. Methods and Results: Murine DVT were created with topical 5% FeCl3 application to thigh or jugular veins (n=35). On day 3, mice received macrophage and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity fluorescence imaging agents. On day 4, integrated assessment of DVT inflammation and architecture was performed using confocal fluorescence intravital microscopy (IVM). Day 4 analyses showed robust relationships among in vivo thrombus macrophages, MMP activity, and FITC-dextran deposition (r > 0.70, p < 0.01). In a serial two-timepoint study, mice with DVT underwent IVM at day 4 and at day 6. Analyses revealed that the intensity of thrombus inflammation at day 4 predicted the magnitude of DVT resolution at day 6 (p < 0.05). In a second approach, noninvasive fluorescence molecular tomography-computed tomography (FMT-CT) was employed, and detected macrophages within jugular DVT (p < 0.05 vs. sham-controls). Conclusions: Integrated fluorescence molecular-structural imaging demonstrates that the DVT-induced inflammatory response can be readily assessed in vivo, and can inform the magnitude of thrombus resolution.

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