Date of Award

2024-08-01

Degree Name

Master of Science

Department

Kinesiology

Advisor(s)

Sudip Bajpeyi

Abstract

Background: Most adults do not reach the physical activity guidelines set by ACSM (>75%). Resistance training is well known to improve muscle mass, strength, and glycemic control. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is a mode of inducing involuntary muscle contractions. Previously, we have shown neuromuscular electrical stimulation is able to improve glycemic control. However, the effects of superimposing NMES while resistance training on glycemic control, substrate utilization and resting energy expenditure (REE) is unknown. Purpose: To investigate the effects of 8 weeks of superimposed NMES on resistance training compared to resistance training for glycemic control, substrate utilization, REE, muscle mass and strength. Methods: Sedentary, untrained participants with overweight to obesity (n=24; age-32.12±2.64 years; BMI-34.24±1.45 kg/m²) were randomized into a superimposed NMES on resistance training or resistance training group. All participants performed resistance training (24 sessions, 3x/week for 8 weeks) while also receiving bilateral quadricep stimulation using low intensity (minimum setting on device) or high intensity (maximum tolerable) NMES (50 Hz, 300µs pulse width). Insulin sensitivity was assessed by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI-IS), oral glucose tolerance test, and continuous glucose monitoring. REE and substrate utilization was measured by indirect calorimetry, with body composition measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and strength by 1 repetition maximum. Results: Both groups had comparable fasting glucose, glucose tolerance, substrate utilization, muscle mass, and strength at baseline (p > 0.05). 8 weeks of superimposed NMES on resistance training improved insulin sensitivity measured by HOMA-IR and QUICKI and trended to improve glucose tolerance (p<0.05). REE increased in the resistance training group (p<0.05) while substrate utilization did not change in either group (p>0.05). Both groups similarly improved lower body strength (p<0.05) and body composition (p<0.05). Conclusion: Superimposing NMES during resistance training results in greater improvement in insulin sensitivity compared to resistance training alone. Improvement in muscle mass and strength was comparable between the two groups.

Language

en

Provenance

Received from ProQuest

File Size

84 p.

File Format

application/pdf

Rights Holder

Gabriel Narvaez

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Kinesiology Commons

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