Date of Award

2022-05-01

Degree Name

Doctor of Philosophy

Department

Interdisciplinary Health Sciences

Advisor(s)

Joel T. Cramer

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine if we can differentiate inflammaging between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic older adults by exploring if there are differences between biomarkers of inflammation and nutritional status in older adults with distinct differences in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, metabolic flexibility, and muscle tissue oxygenation. Twenty-one non-sarcopenic (mean±standard deviation, age = 73.1±6.2 yrs, n=5 males, n=5 females) and sarcopenic (age = 81.2±10.5 yrs, n=6 males, n=5 females) were categorized based on muscle mass and strength criteria according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Body composition, handgrip and leg extension strength, physical performance tests, metabolism, and muscle tissue oxygenation were previously collected. Fasting blood samples were collected for analysis of inflammatory and nutritional biomarkers. Sarcopenic individuals had 45% and 89% higher concentrations of IL-1ra and MIP-1β, respectively, compared to non-sarcopenic. These differences disappeared when normalized to fat mass (FM). Sarcopenic females had 54% greater factor VII concentrations than sarcopenic males. When normalized to FM, I-CAM was 23% higher in non-sarcopenic individuals compared to sarcopenic, and AAT, IgM, VEGF, and VDBP were higher in males compared to females. Ferritin was 242% higher in non-sarcopenic males compared to non-sarcopenic females, and non-sarcopenic older adults had 46% greater IGF-1 concentrations than sarcopenic, with differences eliminated when normalizing by FM. While there were no other differences between groups for nutritional status biomarkers, deficiencies in iron and vitamin D were more prevalent in sarcopenic older adults. These results suggest there are inflammatory and nutritional differences between non-sarcopenic and sarcopenic older adults that is influenced by adipose tissue. Previously, this study population demonstrated distinct differences in metabolic flexibility and energy metabolism and muscle perfusion. Therefore, these distinguishing factors, along with the differences reported in inflammation and nutritional status may be contributory to development of inflammaging with sarcopenia.

Language

en

Provenance

Received from ProQuest

File Size

255 p.

File Format

application/pdf

Rights Holder

Marni Elise Shoemaker

Download

Share

COinS