Using Motivational Interviewing to Increase CPAP Compliance

Author

Karen Padilla Sanchez, The University of Texas at El Paso

Date of Award

5-2024

Degree Type

DNP Project

Degree Name

Doctor of Nursing (ND)

Department

Nursing

Chair

Laura Rodriguez

Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects one billion adults worldwide. Untreated OSA increases the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality (Watach et al.,2021). OSA cost the United States approximately $149 billion dollars per year, with more than half of patients requiring continuous use of a positive airway pressure machine (CPAP) for treatment (Watach et al.,2021). Individuals’ beliefs and perceptions regarding OSA impact CPAP compliance. Motivational Interviewing is an evidenced-based approach to change behaviors and improve patient outcomes (Crosby et al.,2022). A 10-day practice assessment log at Sonno Sleep Center identified (n= 51 of 105) patients lacked adherence of 70% in utilizing the CPAP machine indicating a need for change. This project aimed to improve CPAP compliance in non-compliant patients at Sonno Sleep to 70% in over 6 weeks.

Aims/Methods: A Plan-Do-Study-Act quality improvement framework was used. Two primary interventions, self-efficacy screening and motivational interviewing (MI) were applied over three, 2-week cycles. Data were analyzed after each cycle. Quantitative data were collected via aggregate tables and qualitative data were collected and analyzed for specific trends. Core interventions for this initiative were self-efficacy screening using the Self-Efficacy Measure for Sleep Apnea (SEMSA) and Motivational Interviewing (MI).

Results: During the 6-week quality initiative, CPAP compliance of at least 70% was attained with the use of Motivational Interviewing (n=9 of 10).

Conclusions: CPAP compliance improved with the use of Motivational Interviewing (MI) throughout this quality initiative. Self-Efficacy screening aided in detection of risk perception, outcome expectancies, and concerns of patient’s treatment compliance. Implications to Practice: Future areas of this quality improvement project include widespread distribution of Motivational Interviewing to all providers at Sonno Sleep Center.

Recommended Citation

Sanchez, Karen Padilla, "Using Motivational Interviewing to Increase CPAP Compliance" (2024). Cohort XII. 9.
https://scholarworks.utep.edu/cohort_12/9