Withdrawal from repeated nicotine vapor exposure increases somatic signs of physical dependence, anxiety-like behavior, and brain reward thresholds in adult male rats

Authors

Martínez, University of Texas at El Paso
Veronika Espinoza, University of Texas at El Paso
Valeria Garcia, University of Texas at El Paso
Kevin Uribe, University of Texas at El Paso
Kenichiro Negishi, University of Texas at El Paso
Igor Estevao, University of Texas at El Paso
Luis Carcoba, University of Texas at El Paso
Laura O'Dell, University of Texas at El Paso
Arshad Khan, University of Texas at El Paso
Ian Mendez, University of Texas at El Paso

Publication Date

8-21-2023

Document Type

Article

Publication Title

Neuropharmacology

Volume

240

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109681